Describe important clinical features of Centuroides Exilicauda and Sculpuratus and (common name, features, pathophysiology, and treatment).
- Common name: bark scorpion
- Distributed in the Southwest US and Mexico
- Fluoresces with a black light
- Neurotoxin 1-4 cause membrane depolarization of neurons; the venom also contains hyaluronidase, phospholipase, and acetylcholinesterase
- Grading scale for envenomation
- 1: Paresthesias at bite site, positive “tap” test
- 2: Paresthesias at sites remote from the bite
- 3: Cranial nerve symptoms OR peripheral neuromuscular junction (NMJ) dysfunction (eg shaking).
- 4: Both cranial nerve symptoms AND peripheral NMJ symptoms
- Patients with 3 or 4 should get antivenom, as should high risk patients such as pregnant patients to prevent preterm labor
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